A method and apparatus for block quantization for color halftoning is described. The tissue penetration device may optionally include sampling and analyzing functions, which may be integrated. Between the drain electrode and the source electrode of such a power MISFET, a power source of 500 V or more and a load are connected in series, and a control signal is input to the gate electrode. In another embodiment, bias circuitry is coupled to bit lines to favor the un-programmed state. A wide-range X-ray diffraction pattern of the graphitizable carbon material has a peak PX attributed to a crystal face at about 2\u03b8=44 degrees, and a peak PX attributed to a crystal face at about 2\u03b8=42 degrees.