The subject matter described herein includes methods and systems for dynamically rate limiting slowpath processing of exception packets. The records are stored such that content describing an obligation from an obligor to an obligee is unalterable, identifiable as current and authentic, and non-repudiable. The subject decoder performs the decoding processing by referring to the pixel data obtained as a result of the decoding processing by the subject decoder and the pixel data obtained from the different decoder. The method also includes determining whether a suitable memory module has not stored any data belonging to the predetermined logical address range exists in all rewritable non-volatile memory modules. The device comprises a housing having at least one lower opening at a lower end of the housing and at least one upper opening at an upper end of the housing; a pump sucking oil through the lower opening into the housing and pushing the oil through the upper opening out of the housing; and a closing element movable to close or open the upper opening. The semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same are capable of preventing bubble defects.