A system and method for detecting, monitoring and analyzing physiological characteristics. A periodic refractive index profile structure, in surfaces of the stacked layers, introduces a linear defect region that serves as a waveguide. Further, the gateway node is configured to send a first peer status report message indicating the respective status of a group of functions of the gateway node which are predetermined to be vital to an application connectivity over the gateway node of selected ones of said plurality of mobile terminals. In one embodiment thereof, the enhanced RFID device may be advantageously utilizing retention component to keep closed it in an Always-OFF mode, such that the enhanced RFID device is only accessible to electromagnetic interrogation thereof, when the enhanced RFID device is open to an Always-ON mode. The method involves preparing a solution of a cerium oxide precursor, aerosolizing the cerium oxide precursor solution, and heating the aerosol to provide the cerium oxide particle composition.