1460806600-92d44de1-cee5-437f-bcbe-d860559367b7

The system and method characterize a communications channel with respect to signal-to-noise ratio, time dispersion or multi-path, and frequency dispersion or Doppler spread. The pigment may be a quinacridone pigment, phthalocyanine pigment etc. The patterned framework has a continuous network region and a plurality of discrete deflection conduits.