The present invention relates to novel articles and the like, typically exhibiting antimicrobial efficacy which articles contain for example a carrier, a spacer attached to the carrier and one or more quaternary ammonium groups attached directly or indirectly to said spacer. The beta blocker compositions can also be used for preventing loss of lean mass, preventing body weight loss in subjects, improving quality of life in subjects, and prolonging survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. The above-described methods can be carried out by heating gum arabic under dry conditions. The body of information is exposed through a publicly accessible communication medium on a non-discriminatory basis.