An apparatus capable of tracking a sample surface level in a z direction and oscillating a cantilever at resonant frequency by using a frequency separation scheme in non-contact mode and method thereof. According to the timing of activating a downloaded program, an in-vehicle terminal checks whether the program is activated to operate normally. The application models can be incorporated within andor associated with the notification platform. In one embodiment, a fluid lens element can be provided that includes a membrane having a formation formed thereon for accommodating changes in characteristics of the lens element attributable to changes in temperature so that an amount of perturbations in the lens element which would otherwise be exhibited with thermal expansion of the membrane are minimized.