Systems and methods are disclosed that, in various embodiments, improve chart performance by data filtering. The base rubber layer is formed as an annular body in which a strap-like rubber extruded body of wide width, which is extruded from a rubber extruder and is cut into constant size, is wound around a molding drum by a single round with their end portions in a circumferential direction being joined with each other. Values of the historical residuals are then selected, e. The issuer and the underwriter collaborate via electronic communications to determine the final financial parameters of a financial instrument to be issued in the primary offering based on the initial parameter data and an agreement between the issuer and the underwriter.