A semiconductor device includes a housing defining a cavity, a magnetic sensor chip disposed in the cavity, and mold material covering the magnetic sensor chip and substantially filling the cavity. The second and third port are disposed to receive polarized light entering the circulator as unpolarized light from the first port. An associated region-based apparatus and processing circuit are further provided. Comparators are rearranged and in some instances replaced with combined addercomparator logic units. The memory controller includes a data buffer configured to store a full data word as a result of a partial write operation, wherein for a subsequent partial write operation, data is read from the data buffer. A single pass, multi-color electrophotographic printing machine architecture uses a vertically oriented photoconductive belt.