The present invention provides an optical element for use in an optical pickup apparatus which records andor reproduces information, and for converging a laser light flux with a wavelength \u03bb1 on an information recording medium. The traffic and population counting device may be executable by a computing device and may include an entry selector configured to be selected to indicate that a shopper has entered a shopping zone and to keep a running count of a number of shoppers who enter the shopping zone. The monolithic coating prevents moisture from entering the pillow and allergens from leaving the pillow or pillow encasing. Each tapered tunnel section extends from the propeller section to a tunnel opening through a hull of the vessel. The height information is provided to the color omnifocal image, such that the three-dimensional shape of the sample can be measured.