An improved method and apparatus for coating semiconductor substrates with organic photoresist polymers by extruding a ribbon of photoresist in a spiral pattern which covers the entire top surface of the wafer. The device can involve an elongate body configured for insertion into a vessel, a flow sensor positioned on the elongate body configured for detecting flow in the vessel, and a pressure sensor positioned on the elongate body configured for detecting pressure in the vessel, wherein the pressure sensor comprises an optical sensor. In conjunction with using the sensitizers and protecting groups described above, a method of forming, from component molecules, a plurality of compounds on a support, each compound occupying a separate predefined region of the support is provided. A method for making the memory device being in the set state comprises applying a first bias voltage to the memory device. The present invention also comprises additional methods of formation, quantum tunneling devices, said electronic devices. The modified naturally-derived colorant is compatible with phase change ink vehicles.