An apparatus comprising a frequency-domain equalizer that has been iteratively generated to compensate for filtering effects of a wavelength selective switch, wherein the FDEQ is configured to process in a frequency domain digital samples of a polarization multiplexed phase-shift-keying signal that has been transported over an optical channel. The three layers form a sheet, which is formed to various shapes, depending upon the part that is to be created. The second wall is configured to envelop an end of a second pipe having a second diameter and, cooperatively with membrane, seal the end of the second pipe. The associated records are encrypted using a second key, where the second key is different from the first key. When administered to a subject afflicted with a disorder associated with free radical overproduction, the water-soluble free radical-containing complex is produced and then filtered through the kidneys, concentrated in the urine, and eventually excreted by the subject, thereby reducing in vivo free radical levels.