An image is updated on a bi-stable display such as an electrophoretic display by applying a drive waveform with a compensating impulse to at least one pixel in the display. The switching apparatus connects a subscriber terminal with at least one counter terminal. A pump assembly is operably coupled to the pump drive assembly and is fluidly communicable with the source of fluid, the pump assembly being actuated by the pump drive assembly, the actuation causing the pump assembly to pump the fluid. The first bridge is disposed in mechanical cooperation with a portion of the first support and is disposed in mechanical cooperation with a portion of the second support. The invention can also utilize hydrogen peroxide and a phosphate, either alone, or in combination with a persulfate. The laser driving current of the laser driver is monitored to control the power source of the laser driver such that the power consumed by the headroom is possibly reduced while maintaining the current drive characteristic of the headroom for the monitored current.