A system and method are provided for selectively functionalizing a transducer microarray. The source comprises of a laser desorption system and a UVelectrospray combined ionization system. In such a structure, power consumption can be reduced during low displacement operation without damaging reliability of the compressor. from a set of known temperature spectra related to a known background temperature, selecting at least two known temperature spectra representing a background temperature above and below the estimated temperature; c. A conductive material is formed on the barrier layer and fills the opening. This buoyancy can be designed to compensate for the weight of the lower section of each tether, so as to make the total buoyancy of each tether closer to neutral.