An antioxidant which comprises a primary aliphatic hydroxyl group linked to an organic backbone such that upon oxidation a hydroperoxyl moiety capable of boosting the efficacy of free radical scavengers and hydroperoxide decomposer type antioxidants is generated in situ. The receiver includes automatic control circuits that detect the presence of noises on the basis of attributes, e. A different rate control value may be used to control code rates of individual symbols in a signal.