An interface which effects communication between first and second systems and includes a first arrangement for communicating with the first system using a first protocol and a second arrangement for communicating with the second system using a second protocol. There is also disclosed a light emitting device comprising a partially collimated light source and a lens. After a protective member that holds the electroconductive thin film is provided on a surface on the electroconductive thin film side of the substrate, an electroconductive substance is inserted from the other aperture of the micropore. The target voltage may be the reference voltage plus the supply voltage. Fresh air enters through a bottom intake opening in the bottom intake and the lower portion of the intakeexhaust opening. The access device uses the access control information to make receiver access control decisions for a subsequently received request from a host to join a television channel multicast group.