1460296505-edf4e525-b3a1-41e0-973f-9810a3c38459

Optical transmission systems of the present invention include at least one optical amplifier configured to provide optical amplification of one or more information carrying optical signal wavelengths. The base station forms a signaling link for a first service between the base station and the MSC. The second node may be another process, machine or a file on a disk. A plurality of vias through the insulating layer provide access to the plurality of terminals.