A hydrogenolysis catalyst that possesses high hydrogenolysis performance at low temperatures and during the debenzylation reaction of a compound wherein a benzyl group combines with a nitrogen atom, which is difficult for conventional catalysts. A provided image processing method includes: dividing an input image into a luminance signal and a chrominance signal; removing noise from the luminance signal; restoring luminance signal present in the noise removed from the luminance signal; removing noise from the chrominance signal; and combining the luminance signal and the chrominance signal from which the noises are removed. In other embodiments, the suturing instruments are capable of housing multiple needle and suture assemblies andor reloading the needle and suture assembly without removing the instrument from the surgical site. The flow restrictor is located adjacent to and upstream of the vessel, along a flow path of the fluid. The first cell terminal serves as a bitline terminal and the second cell terminal serves as a source line terminal.