Fungicidal compositions for the protection of turfgrass against crown and root rot are disclosed. A resilient liner is deployed on an inner surface of the helical reinforcement component. In one implementation, the subcarriers are diagonally loaded across logically adjacent antennas. The methods may be used to conformally trim silicon oxide while removing little or no silicon, polysilicon, silicon nitride, titanium or titanium nitride. Data is simulated or analyzed using systems-biology software, which provides diagnostic or therapeutic guidance. The mouth is provided on a side of an open end thereof with a Luer locking means to liquid-tightly connect it with a tip of a syringe, and closed by a closing means such as cap or a male Luer portion.