The present invention provides a well-less filtration device that includes a pre-filter layer; a support layer; and at least one layer of solid phase extraction medium disposed between the pre-filter layer and the support layer. The system further includes a ranging module associated with the optical imaging module and configured to derive an estimated range to a location of the tentative flash event, and an acoustic verification module associated with the ranging module and with one or more acoustic sensor. A coating device has a constitution in which a liquid material is ejected from a nozzle to both surfaces of the substrate rotating in an upright state. At final, with the definition of the threshold value and the imaging rule, the above features of the tumor are quantified or imaged. The propellant management systems and methods may be configured to enable substantial simultaneous depletion of liquid propellants in each of a plurality of active rockets during operation of various booster stages of the launch vehicle.