1460420098-be206e4a-ab45-43a6-ad86-3e867c107e7a

Decoding by passing messages back and forth between a set of variable nodes and a set of check nodes, where at least one of the nodes broadcasts the same message to each of its associated nodes, is provided. In addition, the present invention provides for kits that may be used in the preparation of the solutions of the present invention. When a device is seeking to join a group at a time when the controlling device is in a sleep state, another device that has information about the controlling device may provide information to the joining device that may then be used by the joining device to more quickly, and using less power, synchronize with the controlling device. The nail receiver is interchangeable to allow use of the device with nails and anchors of differing diameters.