Embodiments of semiconductor chip assemblies, and methods are shown that include adhesive thermal interface materials between a heat spreader and a semiconductor die. The power supply management device may include an output terminal, a first transistor, a replication circuit, a comparator circuit, and a control circuit. By storing electronic mail messages as web pages, each of the mail messages may become a page or a group of pages in a \u201cweb\u201d using the HTML format. As a result, stresses are induced in the polycrystalline material that cause grain growth from the surface of the polycrystalline material in the one direction. A transmission control unit controls the generation unit at a timing before a response request command from the transmission side is received, to make the generation unit generate a response message containing authentication data corresponding to the response request command, and when the response request command is received, transmits the response message to a transmission destination terminal. The implant has a trailing end with bone screw receiving holes that each have a diameter that intersects with one of the upper and lower surfaces of the implant to form a perimeter that extends from an exterior surface of the trailing end towards an interior surface of the trailing end.