An electronic dictionary apparatus and its control method are provided. The rotating part comprises a sensor which reflects electromagnetic waves and which can be measurably deformed as a result of a mechanical stress exerted on said rotating part. Transfers of relatively large amounts of data are detected. A plurality of partially conductive and optically anisotropic elements is rotatably disposed in the plurality of cells, together with a dielectric fluid. Program verify operations are reduced or eliminated in various embodiments, reducing the overall time required for the program operation, and improving device performance. To provide storage-assisted QoS, a discriminatory storage system able to enforce a service discrimination policy within the storage system can include re-writable media; a storage system controller; a cache; and, a QoS enforcement processor configured to selectively evict entries in the cache according QoS terms propagated into the storage system through the storage system controller.