A sampling and readout system including a cascaded stage charge amplifier samples, amplifies, and outputs pixel sensor data from an array of pixel sensors. The stream may be visually rendered, and fingerprint marks inserted, using the preprocessing techniques of explicit insertion, implicit insertion, and object modification. The planar surfaces are referenced to a coordinate system of the master model through a series of points. The one-stage filtration system is applicable to removal of suspended solids or dissolved impurities. A central shank member is located beneath the table surface member. The AlN crystal growth method is a method in which an AlN crystal is grown by vapor-phase epitaxy onto a seed crystal substrate placed inside a crystal-growth compartment within a crystal-growth vessel provided within a reaction chamber, and is characterized in that during growth of the crystal, carbon-containing gas is supplied to the inside of the crystal-growth compartment.