Nanofluidic entropic traps, comprising alternating thin and thick regions, sieve small molecules such as DNA or protein polymers and other molecules. Following generation of a plan image, such as a floor or site plan image, the plan image is modified and subsequently rendered on the display screen. The method also includes calculating a time period required to communicate the display update from the computing device to the display unit, transmitting the display update to the display; and repeating the method after the time period has elapsed. Production scoring input data from the input data schema. In addition, such colorants provide a way to tone carbon black based lithographic inks that gives these inks a appearance of jet black on various types of printing substrates. The continuous growth AlN layer 7 is a fast vertical growth mode that improves flatness and suppresses crack occurrences.