In a ball screw apparatus according to the present invention, a ball guide path 19 for guiding a ball 15 scooped up in a tangential direction of a ball center track circle to a ball return path 17 is formed between a ball guide face 182 of a ball circulating member 18 and a ball guide path forming face 20 that is provided at a nut 12. The inclusion bodies maintain a gap between the materials to be welded which provides a gas releasing egress route to disperse the gas and gaseous byproducts produced during welding. Bonding the carrier wafer creates a first cavity. The method may also include attaching the software appliance to an operating system of the virtual server of the cloud computer system. The method comprises administrating to a subject an effective amount of crude Dunaliella powder, optionally together with an activator of nuclear receptors. A flip-flop circuit supplied with the first voltage as an operation voltage latches and outputs a signal, which is based on the signal level of the first voltage, in accordance with the first clock signal.