Apparatus and systems for cooling heat sinks, integrated circuit boards, and electronic components by providing internal passageways in the heat sinks, circuit boards, and electronic components that connect to a fluid manifold. Moreover, a disk controller generates the snapshot data on the block specified as the snapshot target, while making an inquiry to the specified-block analyzing unit. Accordingly, the conductor pattern 3 has a trapezoidal cross-section. In other implementations, certain periodic locations as discussed above are characterized by holes having a relatively differently-shaped opening, relative to a plurality of the holes.