A system and method for determining a location of a wireless device in a communications network. In the deposition of the liquid substance on the carrier by the introduction of the liquid substance into the carrier from the bottom face thereof, a water-detecting sensor detects the liquid level near the top face of the carrier. A signal processor at the controller monitors and processes voltage and current in the conductors to affect functions of the alarm system. The civic concourse has public buildings and a terrace of industries. Order may be accepted through a computer communication, in which a computer of the acceptance site provides with a combined data composed of a plurality of kinds of data from the customer. A transparent electrode has an electrode layer composed of silver, wherein the film-thickness of the electrode layer is 12 nm or less at which sheet resistance is measurable, and wherein the circumferential length of apertures obtained by processing a scanning electron microscope image of a surface region with an area of 500 nm\xd7500 nm of the electrode layer is, in sum total, 3000 nm or less.