A memory cell comprises a variable resistance film; a first conductive film having one surface contacted with one surface of the variable resistance film; and a second conductive film having one surface contacted with another surface of the variable resistance film. The image processing apparatus generates image data of a second hierarchy obtained by reducing the input image data by applying filtering to the generated image appended with the additional effective pixels, and generates image data of a third hierarchy by applying filtering to the image data of the second hierarchy. In each cell area a first and second floating gate is formed. The post-processor analyzes the database contents and generates missing information. A selection module accesses the first redundant memory if the first verification value is equivalent to the second verification value. A two-player console type skill game allows two players to enter a fierce challenge and place countless numbers of bets until the time credit has elapsed.