Approaches described herein may be used for provisioning of databases that requires a bulk transfer of data within a distributed computing environment, such as a grid. Each mark has one of characteristic corresponding to information of a quantized code used for indicating a position in the each direction. The base includes a front section and a rear section. Regarding an address or addresses with no cells to be written any more, the write control circuit skips the write operation and the after-write verify-read operation.