The invention relates to a small-format, low-cost zoom lens that can gain sufficient telecentricity and aberration performance even with the use of an inexpensive vitreous material, and so lends itself to an electronic image pickup device. The spiral interconnect has a smaller number of electrically conductive layers in the intersecting portion and has a wider interconnect width than the spiral interconnect a non-intersecting portion. The light-emitting element further includes an insulating layer formed, a second electrode, and a first electrode. The method also includes d) summing the maximum pixel magnitude values for each of the orientation bins in the predetermined region surrounding the first pixel, e) assigning the sum to the first pixel and f) repeating steps c), d) and e) for all the pixels in the image.