A microfluidic device comprising: a substrate having a microfluidic channel, an electrically conductive feature comprising an electrically conductive layer arranged on a primer layer and positioned with reference to the microfluidic channel, wherein the primer layer comprises: an organic polymer selected from the group consisting of. The multi-carrier receiver includes a first processing unit, a router and a second processing unit. If this user operation is being managed as an operation that is not an object of control processing in the history memory, then the document data is processed based upon this user operation.