A novel liquid crystal display apparatus is disclosed. A vessel 11 houses a semiconductor wafer W. The channel guides, during penetration and anchoring of the fixation element and the lead in a tissue, blood leaking from the tissue away from the vicinity of the fixation element, thereby reducing the size of a fibrin clot formed around the fixation element. The video or audio communication session is monitored for a watermark. In certain instances, communications between the network switch, the controller, and the firewall are performed using the Open Flow standard communication protocol.