A curable, aqueous film-forming composition is provided, comprising:. The coefficient is arranged such that a region in which attenuation is insufficient is caused intensively around a Nyquist frequency. Also, video signals in different video formats are managed by inputting and outputting video signals through multiple channels, with each such channel having an associated video format. Refined robotic linkages and method for their use are also provided. A modality may transmit examination data to the information manager and may receive instructions for the information manager. The group III-nitride light emitting device comprises a lower n-type clad layer, a current spreading layer, an upper n-type clad layer, an active layer and an p-type clad layer formed in their order on a substrate.