An enclosed ignition flare igniter that includes a housing and two slider assemblies. Present invention phase-locked loop control systems and methods facilitate control of phase-lock loop operations. The device for reducing pulsation includes a flow passage and a control valve. In one application an assisted living response center is established using various embodiments of the present personal communications system. In the absence of the upper L2 software interface, the lower L2 interface may output a simulated termination request on behalf of the upper L2 interface and in accordance with the upper L2 protocol.