The service life of memory cards is to be substantially elongated against the occurrence of faulty blocks. The holding portion holds the operation portion so that the operation portion is rotatable around a given axis. Thus, the degree of uniformity of a temperature profile is decreased. The indices of refraction of the scintillator and of the selenium based multilayer may be matched with the use of the biasing electrode. Additionally, the use of the dry chemicals would allow for a long self-life allowing the apparatus to be particularly useful in emergency situations.