A manufacturing method of a semiconductor thin film decreases the number of and controls the direction of crystal grain boundaries. A multi-chassis router is described in which the packet forwarding engines of each chassis receive and modify forwarding structures, generated in accordance with various load-balancing protocols, to exhibit a chassis-local link preference. Thin client terminals with limited functionality may then be set up in the ACC for use by the technical support personnel. The signal comparison controller is configured to receive the reference delay signals and the comparison signal. According to an example embodiment, an apparatus may comprise a first circuit, a second circuit, a transmission line coupled between the first circuit and the second circuit, and a Q-enhancement cell coupled to the transmission line.