A vertebral defect device includes a housing having a convexly tapered distal end, a convexly tapered proximal end, a top, a bottom, an anterior side, a posterior side and an outer surface having generally rounded edges thereby facilitating insertion into an intervertebral space between a pair of adjacent vertebrae. The method for providing a ticket involves a server capable of issuing the ticket and a ticket issuer issuing the ticket requested to be issued by the portable terminal using wired or wireless communication in the form of e-ticket and storing information related to the ticket issued in the terminal. The combiningsplitting circuit provides phasing and signal delay in order to maintain pre configured radiating parameters. A flexible display is configured to move between one state where a majority of the flexible display is positioned inside the housing and rolled around the core and another state where a majority of the flexible display is moved out of the housing through the opening and positioned outside of the housing to form a viewing surface. More than one reference reflectivity sample may be used, with corresponding gain settings stored in the image forming device. The method of the present invention for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes at least: forming a resist pattern on a work surface and applying over a surface of the resist pattern a resist pattern thickening material to thereby thicken the resist pattern to eliminate an unwanted feature created together with the resist pattern.