The present invention relates generally a method and apparatus for measuring multiple parameters in-situ in a sample collected from an environmental system via a single device. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical preparations containing such a compound, processes for preparing and intermediates useful in the preparation of a such a compound. In 24 of the 35 papillary thyroid carcinomas examined, we found a missense thymine \u2192adenine transversion at nucleotide 1796 in the BRAF gene.