1461028122-f36ab32b-747f-45ed-9518-c914e10bb952

A semiconductor chip having an adhesive layer previously formed on an element forming surface thereof and having a bump exposed from the surface of the adhesive layer is wire-bonded to a printed circuit board. Upon initial connection, the backend issues a unique ClientID containing a checksum. One of the messages is reversible altered with respect to the other message. A circuit for combining the first and second digital signals as a digital output signal for the data converter that represents the difference between the analog signals on the positive and negative analog input terminals. During an external-memory access, the request information is transferred from the system bus to the system-bus buffer instead of directly to the memory interface.