A method, system and computer program product for determining the health of a transformer are provided. A computer implemented method in accordance with the disclosed technology accesses one or more geographical characteristics associated with a geographical address, considers a plurality of perils and for each peril, computes a corresponding measure of peril that indicates a risk of loss at the geographical address from that peril. If the PSAP is not capable of directly receiving a character based message, the user’s character based message is converted by a text-to-speech facility and transmitted over a conventional voice channel to an operator of a PSAP. Oxygen from one or more transition metal oxide layers preferably migrates into the interface oxide layer during annealing to further oxidize the interface oxide.