This disclosure relates to a skating rink that includes a skating area, a wall at least partially surrounding the skating area, and a visible mark extending along a perimeter region of the skating area to indicate to a skater traveling head first toward the wall that the skater should look up and to related methods. The transparent conductive film is an amorphous oxide film composed of Ga, In, and O, in which a Ga content ranges from 35 at. The loop member has circular shape. The pedal assemblies remain parallel to a support surface throughout their entire range of motion, as the pedal assemblies travel from their upper position to their lower position.