Nucleotide and protein sequences that encode enzymes that change carbon flux through metabolic pathways that lead to lactic acid or fumarate production in a host cell, such as a R. The first layer has first and second regions, each of which contacts the first electrode. This particular information is captured and retrieved automatically. By moving cutting tool relative to the laminate along the predetermined cutting line, the plastic is severed; at the same time the brittle material is scored, thereby inducing a mechanical stress.